Police Services Act of Ontario

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The Ontario Police Services Act is a provincial act governing the conduct of police officers in the Canadian province of Ontario.

The Act is usually invoked in investigation or charges against police officers for direputable conduct.

The Act was revised in 1990 with the creation of the Special Investigations Unit. Template:Canada-law-stub Declaration of principles

1. Police services shall be provided throughout Ontario in accordance with the following principles:

1. The need to ensure the safety and security of all persons and property in Ontario.

2. The importance of safeguarding the fundamental rights guaranteed by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the Human Rights Code.

3. The need for co-operation between the providers of police services and the communities they serve.

4. The importance of respect for victims of crime and understanding of their needs.

5. The need for sensitivity to the pluralistic, multiracial and multicultural character of Ontario society.

6. The need to ensure that police forces are representative of the communities they serve. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 1.

Definitions

2. In this Act,

“association” means an association whose members belong to one police force and whose objects include the improvement of their working conditions and remuneration; (“association”)

“board” means a municipal police services board; (“commission de police”)

“chief of police” means a municipal chief of police or the Commissioner of the Ontario Provincial Police and includes an acting chief of police; (“chef de police”)

“Commission” means the Ontario Civilian Commission on Police Services; (“Commission”)

Note: On a day to be named by proclamation of the Lieutenant Governor, the definition of “Commission” is repealed by the Statutes of Ontario, 2007, chapter 5, subsection 1 (1) and the following substituted:

“Commission” means the Ontario Civilian Police Commission; (“Commission”)

See: 2007, c. 5, ss. 1 (1), 14 (2).

“Commissioner” means the Commissioner of the Ontario Provincial Police; (“commissaire”)

Note: On a day to be named by proclamation of the Lieutenant Governor, section 2 is amended by the Statutes of Ontario, 2007, chapter 5, subsection 1 (2) by adding the following definition:

“Independent Police Review Director” means the person appointed under subsection 26.1 (1); (“directeur indépendant d’examen de la police”)

See: 2007, c. 5, ss. 1 (2), 14 (2).

“member of a police force” means a police officer, and in the case of a municipal police force includes an employee who is not a police officer; (“membre d’un corps de police”)

“police force” means the Ontario Provincial Police or a municipal police force; (“corps de police”)

“police officer” means a chief of police or any other police officer, but does not include a special constable, a First Nations Constable, a municipal law enforcement officer or an auxiliary member of a police force; (“agent de police”)

“prescribed” means prescribed by the regulations; (“prescrit”)

“regulations” means the regulations made under this Act; (“règlements”)

“spouse” means,

(a) a spouse as defined in section 1 of the Family Law Act, or

(b) either of two persons who live together in a conjugal relationship outside marriage. (“conjoint”) R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 2; 1997, c. 8, s. 1; 1999, c. 6, s. 55 (1); 2002, c. 17, Sched. F, Table; 2002, c. 18, Sched. N, s. 58; 2005, c. 5, s. 58 (1, 2). PART I RESPONSIBILITY FOR POLICE SERVICES Solicitor General

Administration of Act

3. (1) This Act shall be administered by the Solicitor General. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 3 (1); 1997, c. 8, s. 2 (1).

Note: On a day to be named by proclamation of the Lieutenant Governor, subsection (1) is repealed by the Statutes of Ontario, 2007, chapter 5, section 2. See: 2007, c. 5, ss. 2, 14 (2).

Duties and powers of Solicitor General

(2) The Solicitor General shall,

(a) monitor police forces to ensure that adequate and effective police services are provided at the municipal and provincial levels;

(b) monitor boards and police forces to ensure that they comply with prescribed standards of service;

(c) Repealed: 1995, c. 4, s. 4 (1).

(d) develop and promote programs to enhance professional police practices, standards and training;

(e) conduct a system of inspection and review of police forces across Ontario;

(f) assist in the co-ordination of police services;

(g) consult with and advise boards, community policing advisory committees, municipal chiefs of police, employers of special constables and associations on matters relating to police and police services;

(h) develop, maintain and manage programs and statistical records and conduct research studies in respect of police services and related matters;

(i) provide to boards, community policing advisory committees and municipal chiefs of police information and advice respecting the management and operation of police forces, techniques in handling special problems and other information calculated to assist;

(j) issue directives and guidelines respecting policy matters;

(k) develop and promote programs for community-oriented police services;

(l) operate the Ontario Police College. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 3 (2); 1995, c. 4, s. 4 (1); 1997, c. 8, s. 2 (2, 3).

Ontario Police College continued

(3) The police college known as the Ontario Police College for the training of members of police forces is continued. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 3 (3).

Municipalities

Police services in municipalities

4. (1) Every municipality to which this subsection applies shall provide adequate and effective police services in accordance with its needs. 1997, c. 8, s. 3.

Core police services

(2) Adequate and effective police services must include, at a minimum, all of the following police services:

1. Crime prevention.

2. Law enforcement.

3. Assistance to victims of crime.

4. Public order maintenance.

5. Emergency response. 1997, c. 8, s. 3.

Infrastructure for police services

(3) In providing adequate and effective police services, a municipality shall be responsible for providing all the infrastructure and administration necessary for providing such services, including vehicles, boats, equipment, communication devices, buildings and supplies. 1997, c. 8, s. 3. Application (4) Subsection (1) applies to,

(a) single-tier municipalities;

(b) lower-tier municipalities in the County of Oxford and in counties; and

(c) regional municipalities, other than the County of Oxford. 2002, c. 17, Sched. F, Table.

(5) Repealed: 2002, c. 17, Sched. F, Table.

Exception (6) Despite subsection (4), the councils of the County of Oxford and of all the lower-tier municipalities within the County of Oxford may agree to have subsection (1) apply to the County of Oxford and not to the lower-tier municipalities but, having made such agreement, the councils cannot thereafter revoke it. 2002, c. 17, Sched. F, Table.

Methods of providing municipal police services

5. (1) A municipality’s responsibility to provide police services shall be discharged in one of the following ways:

1. The council may establish a police force, the members of which shall be appointed by the board under clause 31 (1) (a).

2. The council may enter into an agreement under section 33 with one or more other councils to constitute a joint board and the joint board may appoint the members of a police force under clause 31 (1) (a).

3. The council may enter into an agreement under section 6 with one or more other councils to amalgamate their police forces.

4. The council may enter into an agreement under section 6.1 with the council of another municipality to have its police services provided by the board of the other municipality, on the conditions set out in the agreement, if the municipality that is to receive the police services is contiguous to the municipality that is to provide the police services or is contiguous to any other municipality that receives police services from the same municipality.

5. The council may enter into an agreement under section 10, alone or jointly with one or more other councils, to have police services provided by the Ontario Provincial Police.

6. With the Commission’s approval, the council may adopt a different method of providing police services. 1997, c. 8, s. 4. Same – different methods in one municipality

(2) Subject to subsection (3), a municipality’s responsibility to provide police services may be discharged in one way set out in subsection (1) in one discrete area of the municipality and in another way or ways set out in subsection (1) in other discrete areas of the municipality if,

(a) the municipality consists of two or more widely dispersed communities or contains, within its boundaries, one or more communities that are remote from the rest of the municipality; or

(b) police services have historically been provided to one or more discrete areas of the municipality in a way that is different from the way police services are provided in the rest of the municipality. 2001, c. 11, s. 1.

One board or joint board

(3) All the police services provided in one municipality, except police services provided in a way described in paragraph 3 or 4 of subsection (1) or police services provided in the municipality by the Ontario Provincial Police under section 5.1, must be provided under one board or joint board. 2002, c. 18, Sched. N, s. 59. If municipality fails to provide police services

5.1 (1) If a municipality does not provide police services by one of the ways set out in section 5, the Ontario Provincial Police shall provide police services to the municipality.

Municipality to pay for O.P.P. services

(2) A municipality that is provided police services by the Ontario Provincial Police under subsection (1) shall pay the Minister of Finance for the services, in the amount and the manner provided by the regulations.

Same (3) The amount owed by a municipality for the police services provided by the Ontario Provincial Police, if not collected by other means, may be deducted from any grant payable to the municipality out of provincial funds or may be recovered by a court action, with costs, as a debt due to Her Majesty.

Community policing advisory committee

(4) One or more municipalities served by the same Ontario Provincial Police detachment that provides police services under this section may establish a community policing advisory committee.

Composition

(5) If a community policing advisory committee is established, it shall be composed of one delegate for each municipality that is served by the same Ontario Provincial Police detachment and that chooses to send a delegate.

Functions (6) A community policing advisory committee shall advise the detachment commander of the Ontario Provincial Police detachment assigned to the municipality or municipalities, or his or her designate, with respect to objectives and priorities for police services in the municipality or municipalities.

Term of office

(7) The term of office for a delegate to a community policing advisory committee shall be as set out by the council in his or her appointment, but shall not exceed the term of office of the council that appointed the delegate. Same, and reappointment

(8) A delegate to a community policing advisory committee may continue to sit after the expiry of the term of office of the council that appointed him or her until the appointment of his or her successor, and is eligible for reappointment.

Protection from liability

(9) No action or other proceeding for damages shall be instituted against a community policing advisory committee or a delegate to a community policing advisory committee for any act done in good faith in the execution or intended execution of a duty or for any alleged neglect or default in the execution in good faith of a duty. 1997, c. 8, s. 5. Amalgamation of police forces

6. (1) Despite any other Act, the councils of two or more municipalities that have police forces may enter into an agreement to amalgamate them. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 6 (1); 1997, c. 8, s. 6 (1).

Contents of amalgamation agreement

(2) The agreement shall deal with,

(a) the establishment and, subject to section 33, the composition of a joint board for the amalgamated police force;

(b) the amalgamation of the police forces and the appointment or transfer of their members;

(c) the joint board’s use of the assets and its responsibility for the liabilities associated with the police forces;

(d) the budgeting of the cost for the operation of the amalgamated police force;

(e) any other matter that is necessary or advisable to effect the amalgamation. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 6 (2); 1997, c. 8, s. 6 (2, 3). Commission’s approval

(3) The agreement does not take effect until the Commission has approved the organization of the amalgamated police force. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 6 (3).

Exception, board appointments

(4) Appointments to a joint board for an amalgamated police force may be made before the agreement takes effect. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 6 (4); 1997, c. 8, s. 6 (4).

Municipal agreements for providing police services

6.1 (1) The councils of two municipalities may enter into an agreement for the provision of police services for one municipality by the board of the other municipality, on the conditions set out in the agreement, if the municipality that is to receive the police services is contiguous to the municipality that is to provide the police services or is contiguous to any other municipality that receives police services from the same municipality.

Advisors to board

(2) The council of a municipality that receives police services pursuant to an agreement made under subsection (1) may select a person to advise the other municipality’s board with respect to objectives and priorities for police services in the municipality that receives the police services.

Term of office (3) The term of office for a person selected to advise another municipality’s board shall be as set by the council when the person is selected, but shall not exceed the term of office of the council that selected him or her. Same and reappointment

(4) A person selected to advise another municipality’s board may continue to sit after the expiry of the term of office of the council that selected him or her until the selection of his or her successor, and is eligible for reappointment.

Protection from liability

(5) No action or other proceeding for damages shall be instituted against a person selected to advise another municipality’s board for any act done in good faith in the execution or intended execution of a duty or for any alleged neglect or default in the execution in good faith of a duty. 1997, c. 8, s. 7.

Municipal agreements for sharing police services

7. (1) Two or more boards may agree that one board will provide some police services to the other or others, on the conditions set out in the agreement. Limitation

(2) Two or more boards may not agree under subsection (1) that the police force of one board will provide the other board or boards with all the police services that a municipality is required to provide under section 4. Municipal agreements with O.P.P.

(3) The board of a municipality may agree with the Commissioner or with the local detachment commander of the Ontario Provincial Police that the Ontario Provincial Police will provide some police services to the municipality, on the conditions set out in the agreement, and subsections 10 (7) and (8) apply to the agreement. 1997, c. 8, s. 8. Additional municipal police forces 8. (1) A municipality to which subsection 4 (1) (obligation to provide police services) does not apply may, with the Commission’s approval, establish and maintain a police force.

Transition

(2) An approval given or deemed to have been given under section 19 of the Police Act, being chapter 381 of the Revised Statutes of Ontario, 1980, in respect of a police force that was being maintained on the 30th day of December, 1990, shall be deemed to have been given under this section.

Revocation

(3) The Commission may revoke an approval given or deemed to have been given under this section. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 8.

Police services absent or inadequate, O.P.P. assistance

9. (1) If the Commission finds that a municipality to which subsection 4 (1) applies is not providing police services, it may request that the Commissioner have the Ontario Provincial Police give assistance.

Inadequate police services

(2) If the Commission finds that a municipal police force is not providing adequate and effective police services or is not complying with this Act or the regulations, it may communicate that finding to the board of the municipality and direct the board to take the measures that the Commission considers necessary.

Idem

(3) If the board does not comply with the direction, the Commission may request that the Commissioner have the Ontario Provincial Police give assistance.

Crown Attorney’s request

(4) In any area for which a municipality is required to provide police services, the Crown Attorney may request that the Commissioner have the Ontario Provincial Police give assistance.

Board’s request

(5) A board may, by resolution, request that the Commissioner have the Ontario Provincial Police give assistance.

Request of chief of police in emergency

(6) A municipal chief of police who is of the opinion that an emergency exists in the municipality may request that the Commissioner have the Ontario Provincial Police give assistance.

Chief of police to advise board

(7) A chief of police who makes a request under subsection (6) shall advise the chair of the board of the fact as soon as possible. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 9 (1-7).

Assistance of O.P.P.

(8) When a request is made under this section, the Commissioner shall have the Ontario Provincial Police give such temporary or emergency assistance as he or she considers necessary and shall have the Ontario Provincial Police stop giving temporary or emergency assistance when he or she considers it appropriate to do so. 1997, c. 8, s. 9 (1).

Cost of services

(9) The Commissioner shall certify the cost of the services provided under this section by the Ontario Provincial Police and, unless the Solicitor General directs otherwise, the municipality shall pay that amount to the Minister of Finance. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 9 (9); 1997, c. 8, s. 9 (2).

Same

(10) The amount owed by a municipality for the police services provided by the Ontario Provincial Police, if not collected by other means, may be deducted from any grant payable to the municipality out of provincial funds or may be recovered by a court action, with costs, as a debt due to Her Majesty. 1997, c. 8, s. 9 (3).

Municipal agreements for provision of police services by O.P.P.

10. (1) The Solicitor General may enter into an agreement with the council of a municipality or jointly with the councils of two or more municipalities for the provision of police services for the municipality or municipalities by the Ontario Provincial Police.

Board required

(2) In order for a municipality to enter into an agreement under this section, the municipality must have a board.

Same

(3) In order for two or more municipalities to enter into an agreement under this section, the municipalities must have a joint board.

Transition

(4) If an agreement under this section was entered into, before section 10 of the Police Services Amendment Act, 1997 comes into force, by a municipality that did not have a board at the time, the agreement remains valid and enforceable despite subsection (2), but the agreement may not be renewed unless the municipality has a board.

Collective bargaining

(5) No agreement shall be entered into under this section if, in the Solicitor General’s opinion, a council seeks the agreement for the purpose of defeating the collective bargaining provisions of this Act.

Duties of O.P.P.

(6) When the agreement comes into effect, the Ontario Provincial Police detachment assigned to the municipality or municipalities shall provide police services for the municipality or municipalities, and shall perform any other duties, including by-law enforcement, that are specified in the agreement.

Payment into Consolidated Revenue Fund

(7) The amounts received from municipalities under agreements entered into under this section shall be paid into the Consolidated Revenue Fund.

Collection of amounts owed

(8) The amount owed by a municipality under the agreement, if not collected by other means, may be deducted from any grant payable to the municipality out of provincial funds or may be recovered by a court action, with costs, as a debt due to Her Majesty.

Role of board

(9) If one or more municipalities enters into an agreement under this section, the board or joint board shall advise the Ontario Provincial Police detachment commander assigned to the municipality or municipalities, or his or her designate, with respect to police services in the municipality or municipalities and shall,

(a) participate in the selection of the detachment commander of the detachment assigned to the municipality or municipalities;

(b) generally determine objectives and priorities for police services, after consultation with the detachment commander or his or her designate;

(c) establish, after consultation with the detachment commander or his or her designate, any local policies with respect to police services (but the board or joint board shall not establish provincial policies of the Ontario Provincial Police with respect to police services);

(d) monitor the performance of the detachment commander;

(e) receive regular reports from the detachment commander or his or her designate on disclosures and decisions made under section 49 (secondary activities);

(f) review the detachment commander’s administration of the complaints system under Part V and receive regular reports from the detachment commander or his or her designate on his or her administration of the complaints system.

Non-application of certain sections

(10) If one or more municipalities enters into an agreement under this section, section 31 (responsibilities of board), section 38 (municipal police force) and section 39 (estimates) do not apply to the municipality or municipalities. 1997, c. 8, s. 10.

Municipalities who may receive fines

11. (1) This section applies if a municipality is entitled to receive fines paid as a result of prosecutions instituted by police officers of the municipal police force.

Idem

(2) If the municipality does not have its own police force because of an agreement under section 7 or 10, the police officers who are assigned to the municipality under the agreement shall, for the purposes of determining entitlement to fines, be deemed to be police officers of the municipal police force. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 11.

12. Repealed: 1997, c. 8, s. 11.

Special areas, services by O.P.P.

13. (1) If, because of the establishment of a business or for any other reason, special circumstances or abnormal conditions in an area make it inequitable, in the Solicitor General’s opinion, to impose the responsibility for police services on a municipality or on the Province, the Lieutenant Governor in Council may designate the area as a special area.

Agreement for provision of police services by O.P.P.

(2) The person who operates the business or owns the special area shall enter into an agreement with the Solicitor General for the provision of police services by the Ontario Provincial Police for the special area. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 13 (1, 2).

Duties of O.P.P., payment

(3) Subsections 10 (6) and (7) apply to the agreement with necessary modifications. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 13 (3); 1997, c. 8, s. 12.

Failure to enter into agreement

(4) If the person who operates the business or owns the special area does not enter into an agreement as subsection (2) requires, the Ontario Provincial Police shall provide police services for the area.

Cost of services

(5) The costs of the services may be recovered from the person by a court action, with costs, as a debt due to Her Majesty. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 13 (4, 5).

Police services outside municipality

14. A municipality that has an interest in land outside the territory of the municipality may agree to pay all or part of the cost of providing police services for the land. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 14.

Municipal by-law enforcement officers

15. (1) A municipal council may appoint persons to enforce the by-laws of the municipality. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 15 (1).

Peace officers

(2) Municipal law enforcement officers are peace officers for the purpose of enforcing municipal by-laws. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 15 (2); 1997, c. 8, s. 13.

Aid to survivors of deceased municipal police officers

16. A municipal council may grant financial or other assistance for the benefit of the surviving spouses and children of members of the municipal police force who die from injuries received or illnesses contracted in the discharge of their duties. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 16; 1999, c. 6, s. 55 (2); 2005, c. 5, s. 58 (3).

Detention facilities

16.1 Subject to the approval of the Ontario Civilian Commission on Police Services, the council of every local municipality may establish, maintain and regulate detention facilities for the detention and imprisonment of persons sentenced to imprisonment therein for not more than 10 days, and of persons detained for examination on a charge of having committed any offence, or for transfer to any correctional institution for trial, or in the execution of any sentence, and such persons may be lawfully received and so detained in the detention facilities. 2001, c. 25, s. 481.

Note: On a day to be named by proclamation of the Lieutenant Governor, section 16.1 is amended by the Statutes of Ontario, 2007, chapter 5, section 3 by striking out “Ontario Civilian Commission on Police Services” and substituting “Ontario Civilian Police Commission”. See: 2007, c. 5, ss. 3, 14 (2).

Peace officer in charge

16.2 (1) Every detention facility shall be placed in the charge of a peace officer appointed for that purpose. 2001, c. 25, s. 481.

Salary

(2) The municipal council may provide for and pay the salary or other remuneration of the peace officer in charge of a detention facility. 2001, c. 25, s. 481.

Ontario Provincial Police

Commissioner

17. (1) There shall be a Commissioner of the Ontario Provincial Police who shall be appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 17 (1).

Functions

(2) Subject to the Solicitor General’s direction, the Commissioner has the general control and administration of the Ontario Provincial Police and the employees connected with it. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 17 (2).

Deputy Commissioners

(3) The Lieutenant Governor in Council may appoint one or more deputy Commissioners, who shall act in the place of the Commissioner if he or she is absent or unable to act, and who, when so acting, may exercise all the powers and perform all the duties of the Commissioner. 2006, c. 19, Sched. F, s. 5.

Delegation

(3.1) The Commissioner may delegate in writing any of his or her powers and duties under this Act to a deputy Commissioner, subject to any limitations, conditions and requirements set out in the delegation. 2006, c. 19, Sched. F, s. 5.

Annual report

(4) After the end of each calendar year, the Commissioner shall file with the Solicitor General an annual report on the affairs of the Ontario Provincial Police. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 17 (4).

Composition of O.P.P.

18. (1) The Ontario Provincial Police shall consist of the Commissioner and other police officers appointed under Part III of the Public Service of Ontario Act, 2006. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 18 (1); 2006, c. 35, Sched. C, s. 111 (1).

Ranks

(2) The Commissioner shall establish the ranks within the Ontario Provincial Police and shall determine the rank of each police officer. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 18 (2).

Commissioned officers

(3) The Lieutenant Governor in Council may name police officers of the Ontario Provincial Police to the rank of commissioned officers and may authorize the issue of commissions to them under the Great Seal. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 18 (3).

Employees

(4) The Commissioner may appoint such other employees as are required in connection with the Ontario Provincial Police. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 18 (4).

Responsibilities of O.P.P.

19. (1) The Ontario Provincial Police have the following responsibilities:

1. Providing police services in respect of the parts of Ontario that do not have municipal police forces other than municipal law enforcement officers.

2. Providing police services in respect of all navigable bodies and courses of water in Ontario, except those that lie within municipalities designated by the Solicitor General.

3. Maintaining a traffic patrol on the King’s Highway, except the parts designated by the Solicitor General.

4. Maintaining a traffic patrol on the connecting links within the meaning of section 21 of the Public Transportation and Highway Improvement Act that are designated by the Solicitor General.

5. Maintaining investigative services to assist municipal police forces on the Solicitor General’s direction or at the Crown Attorney’s request. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 19 (1); 1997, c. 8, s. 14 (1).

Municipal by-laws

(2) The Ontario Provincial Police have no responsibilities in connection with municipal by-laws, except under agreements made in accordance with section 10. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 19 (2).

O.P.P. may charge for services

(3) The Ontario Provincial Police may, with the approval of the Solicitor General, charge a municipality, a law enforcement agency or any prescribed corporation or organization for any service it provides to them under this Act.

Payment into Consolidated Revenue Fund

(4) The amounts received pursuant to a charge imposed under subsection (3) shall be paid into the Consolidated Revenue Fund.

Collection of amounts owed

(5) The amount owed pursuant to a charge imposed under subsection (3), if not collected by other means, may be recovered by a court action, with costs, as a debt due to Her Majesty and, if the amount is owed by a municipality, may be deducted from any grant payable to the municipality out of provincial funds. 1997, c. 8, s. 14 (2).

Aid to survivors of deceased O.P.P. police officers

20. The Lieutenant Governor in Council may, out of money appropriated for that purpose by the Legislature, grant financial or other assistance for the benefit of the surviving spouses and children of members of the Ontario Provincial Police who die from injuries received or illnesses contracted in the discharge of their duties. R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 20; 1999, c. 6, s. 55 (3); 2005, c. 5, s. 58 (4).

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