Editing Regenerative medicine

'''Regenerative Medicine''' is the process of creating living, functional tissues to repair or replace tissue or organ function lost due to damage, or congenital defects. This field holds the promise of regenerating damaged tissues and organs in the body by stimulating previously irreparable organs to heal themselves. Regenerative medicine also empowers scientists to grow tissues and organs in the laboratory and safely implant them when the body cannot heal itself. Importantly, regenerative medicine has the potential to solve the problem of the shortage of organs available for donation compared to the number of patients that require life-saving organ transplantation, as well as solve the problem of [[organ transplant]] rejection, since the organ's cells will match that of the patient.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nih.gov/about/researchresultsforthepublic/Regen.pdf |title=Regenerative Medicine. NIH Fact sheet 092106.doc |format=PDF |date=September 2006 |accessdate=2010-08-16}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite journal |author=Mason C, Dunnill P |title=A brief definition of regenerative medicine |journal=Regenerative Medicine |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=1–5 |year=2008 |month=January |pmid=18154457 |doi=10.2217/17460751.3.1.1}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite journal |author= |title=Regenerative medicine glossary |journal=Regenerative Medicine |volume=4 |issue=4 Suppl |pages=S1–88 |year=2009 |month=July |pmid=19604041 |doi=10.2217/rme.09.s1}}</ref>

Widely attributed (incorrectly as it turns out) to having first been coined by William Haseltine (founder of Human Genome Sciences).<ref>http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2004/nsf0450/ Viola, J., Lal, B., and Grad, O. The Emergence of Tissue
Engineering as a Research Field. Arlington, VA: National Science Foundation, 2003.</ref> From the work of Michael Lysaght (Brown University), his team ''"first found the term in a 1992 article on hospital administration by Leland Kaiser. Kaiser’s paper closes with a series of short paragraphs on future technologies that will impact hospitals. One such paragraph had ‘‘Regenerative Medicine’’ as a bold print title and went on to state, ‘‘A new branch of medicine will develop that attempts to change the course of chronic disease and in many instances will regenerate tired and failing organ systems.’’''<ref>{{cite journal |author=Kaiser LR |title=The future of multihospital systems |journal=Topics in Health Care Financing |volume=18 |issue=4 |pages=32–45 |year=1992 |pmid=1631884}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Lysaght MJ, Crager J |title=Origins |journal=Tissue Engineering. Part a |volume=15 |issue=7 |pages=1449–50 |year=2009 |month=July |pmid=19327019 |doi=10.1089/ten.tea.2007.0412}}</ref>

It refers to a group of biomedical approaches to clinical therapies that may involve the use of [[stem cell]]s.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Riazi AM, Kwon SY, Stanford WL |title=Stem cell sources for regenerative medicine |journal=Methods in Molecular Biology |volume=482 |issue= |pages=55–90 |year=2009 |pmid=19089350 |doi=10.1007/978-1-59745-060-7_5}}</ref> Examples include; the injection of [[stem cell]]s or [[progenitor cell]]s (cell therapies); another the induction of [[regeneration (biology)|regeneration]] by biologically active molecules; and a third is [[organ transplantation|transplantation]] of ''in vitro'' grown organs and tissues ([[Tissue engineering]]).<ref>{{cite journal |author=Stoick-Cooper CL, Moon RT, Weidinger G |title=Advances in signaling in vertebrate regeneration as a prelude to regenerative medicine |journal=Genes & Development |volume=21 |issue=11 |pages=1292–315 |year=2007 |month=June |pmid=17545465 |doi=10.1101/gad.1540507}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Muneoka K, Allan CH, Yang X, Lee J, Han M |title=Mammalian regeneration and regenerative medicine |journal=Birth Defects Research. Part C, Embryo Today |volume=84 |issue=4 |pages=265–80 |year=2008 |month=December |pmid=19067422 |doi=10.1002/bdrc.20137}}</ref>


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