Editing Inlay (guitar)

{{About|inlays used on musical instruments|more general uses|inlay}}
[[File:Acoustic guitar inlays.jpg|thumb|Body and sound hole inlays]]
'''Inlay''' on [[guitar]]s or similar [[fret]]ted instruments are decorative materials set into the wooden surface of the instrument using standard [[inlay]] techniques. Although inlay can be done on any part of a guitar, it is most commonly found on the [[fretboard]], [[headstock]] —typically the manufacturer's logo— and around the [[sound hole]] of acoustic guitars. Only the positional markers on the fretboard or side of [[neck (music)|neck]] and the [[rosette (design)|rosette]] around the sound hole serve any function other than decoration (the rosette serves as reinforcement). [[Nacre]] ("mother of pearl"), plastic and wood are the materials most often used as inlay.

Some very limited edition high-end or custom-made guitars have artistic inlay designs that span the entire front (or even the back) of the guitar. These designs use a variety of different materials and are created using techniques borrowed from furniture making.  While these designs are often just very elaborate decorations, they are sometimes works of art that even depict a particular theme or a scene. Although these guitars are often constructed from the most exclusive materials, they are generally considered to be collector's items and not intended to be played. Large guitar manufacturers often issue these guitars to celebrate a significant historical milestone.

== Fretboard ==
[[File:frets, guitar neck, C-major chord.jpg|thumb|Side of the fretboard inlays: note the small dot that marks 3rd fret]]

Some popular fretboard inlays include [[rhombus]]es, [[parallelogram]]s, [[isosceles trapezoid]]s, [[shark]] [[fin]]s and rectangles. Circular markers are the easiest and least expensive to produce, because drilling circular indentations and cutting circular inlays (from sheets or rods) require the least time and resources. They are typically of a color contrasting with the color of the fretboard:  For example, whereas a luthier might use black for a light-colored fretboard such as maple, that same luthier would likely use white, silver, or mother-of-pearl for a fretboard made of a darker wood such as rosewood or ebony.

Many manufacturers use a distinct shape for their fret markers to create a brand identity set themselves apart from competitors. [[Gibson Guitar Corporation|Gibson]] uses isosceles trapezoids while [[Fender Musical Instruments Corporation|Fender]] uses dots, but others include lightning bolts, letters and numbers.

Smaller dots are also usually inlaid into the upper edge of the fretboard or the neck so as to be more visible to the player who views the instrument from the side.

[[LED]]s or [[optical fiber]] can be employed to illuminate the markers. This is mostly employed by players who perform in front of live audiences where the lighting is either insufficient or constantly changing.

<gallery>
Image:Ibanez440rs6.jpg|Dots (used by Fender, Gibson and on most guitars)
Image:Fretboard trapezoids.jpg|Isosceles trapezoids (Gibson-style)
Image:Prs birds.jpg|Birds (PRS)
Image:C1-classic-inlay.png|Intricate Vine
Image:Inlay_-_Copy.jpg|Morning Glory Flower pot
Image:Fretboard_girl.jpg|Women in sexually suggestive poses
</gallery>

=== Schemes ===
[[File:Fretboard inlays.svg|thumb|100px]]
On guitars, there are two popular fretboard inlay schemes:

* The most popular (1) involves single inlays on the '''3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th,''' double inlays on the '''12th,''' single inlays on the '''15th, 17th, 19th, and 21st,''' and if present, double inlays on the '''24th'''. Advantages of such scheme include its symmetry about the 12th fret and symmetry of every half (0-12 and 12-24) about the 7th and 19th frets. However, playing these frets, for example, on the E string would yield the notes E, G, A, B, C# that barely make a complete [[musical mode]] by themselves.
*:
** [[Resonator Guitar]]s usually have inlays like the first scheme shown above but with a single inlay on the '''12th''', and double inlays on the '''15th'''.
*:
* A less popular scheme (2) involves inlays on '''3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th, 12th, 15th, 17th, 19th, 22nd and 24th frets'''. Playing these frets on the E string yields the notes E, G, A, B, D that fit perfectly into the E minor [[pentatonic]] scale. Such a scheme is very close to the coloring of a [[piano]]'s keys and is of some use on classical guitars.

Some guitars like the [[Gibson Les Paul Custom]] will also have a single inlay on the '''1st''' fret, then follow one of the above schemes.

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== Headstock, neck and pickguard ==
[[File:Washburn HB35 ts.JPG|thumb|left|160px|Typical headstock inlay]]
Beyond the fretboard inlay, the headstock and [[sound hole]] are also commonly inlaid. The manufacturer's logo is commonly inlaid into the headstock and pickguard, if present. Sometimes a small design such as a bird or other character or an abstract shape also accompanies the logo. The sound hole designs found on [[acoustic guitar]]s vary from simple concentric circles to delicate fretwork. Many high-end guitars have more elaborate decorative inlay schemes. Often the edges of the guitar around the [[Neck (music)|neck]] and body and down the middle of the back are inlaid.

[[File:Guitar neck back.jpg|thumb|Skunk stripe inlay]]
Because some electric guitars (like the [[Fender Telecaster]] and [[Fender Stratocaster|Stratocaster]]) do not have a separate fretboard under which they can  fit a [[truss rod]], they fit it in the back of the neck and cover it with a strip of dark wood. This has popularly become known as a "skunk stripe," and while it is not inlay, some makers use inlay to simulate it.
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== Sound hole ==
[[File:C.F. Martin 000-28EC Eric Clapton model details.jpg|thumb|Inlay around sound hole of [[C. F. Martin & Company|Martin]] guitar]]
The edge of the soundboard around the sound hole of an acoustic guitar is almost always decorated with a [[rosette (design)|rosette]] inlay.

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==Main body==
[[File:Jerry Garcia's Rosebud.jpg|thumb|left|One of [[Jerry Garcia]]'s guitars, named "Rosebud." Note the inlay work on the [[Fingerboard|fret board]] and the dancing skeleton inlay work on the guitar's main body.]]

Many guitars also have inlays on the main guitar body itself, often for decorative purposes. 
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== Binding ==
[[File:Lucie-p1020742.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Close examination of this guitar's body shows intricate multi-layered bindings (white-black-white))]]

Binding on acoustic guitars serve to protect the edges of the wood from impact and, particularly where end grain would be exposed, moisture damage. After the back, front and sides are joined a small ledge is cut out on the edge which is then inlaid before finishing the guitar. On solid-body electric guitars it serves only a cosmetic purpose. Fretboards are sometimes also "bound".

== Purfling ==
{{Main|Purfling}}
Purfling is similar to binding, but differs in that it is offset a small distance from the edge surface. It is typically found around the edges of the front, back and sound holes of violins. Purfling helps prevent cracks at the edge from extending deeper into the wood.

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== References ==
* [http://www.sharkinlay.com/workshop.htm Examples and pictures of how inlay is done step-by-step.]
* {{cite book
 | first = Larry
 | last = Robinson
 | others = photography by Richard Lloyd
 | title = The Art of Inlay: Design & Technique for Fine Woodworking
 | publisher = Backbeat Books
 | edition = Rev. & Expand
 | date = 2005-05-25
 | origyear = 1999
 | isbn = 978-0-87930-835-3
}}
* [http://www.fretnotguitarrepair.com/bindingrepair.htm Guitar binding and purfling repair] article on [http://www.fretnotguitarrepair.com fretnotguitarrepair.com] explains basic terms and lists common problems and solutions.
* [http://guitarrepairbench.com/acoustic-guitar-repairs/guitar-inlay-repair.html Guitar Inlay Repair] article that explains inlay materials, how inlays break, and how to repair guitar inlays on the [http://www.guitarrepairbench.com Guitar Repair Bench Luthier Website]

[[Category:Guitar parts and accessories]]